USB was designed to standardize the connection of peripherals to personal computers, both to communicate with and to supply electric power.
A broad variety of USB hardware exists, including 14 different connector types, of which USB-C is the most recent and the only one not currently deprecated since the release of USB 3.2.įirst released in 1996, the USB standards are maintained by the USB Implementers Forum (USB-IF). Universal Serial Bus ( USB) is an industry standard that establishes specifications for cables, connectors and protocols for connection, communication and power supply ( interfacing) between computers, peripherals and other computers. Android smartphones running 5.0 Lollipop or newer all support a subset of version 1.0 as a minimum, and many newer devices support class 2.0 and even 3.0 too.Serial port, parallel port, game port, Apple Desktop Bus, PS/2 port, and FireWire (IEEE 1394) USB ADC 1.0 and 2.0Īll of the audio class specifications break down into three parts-AudioControl for inner function controls like volume or EQ, MIDIStreaming for MIDI data, and AudioStreaming for the PCM audio data both to and from the headphones. Version 1.0 dates back to 1998 and still works well, but the latest 3.0 revision is far more interesting and important for modern headphones. The best way to use the full set of available audio features over a USB port is to build devices, like headphones, that work with the USB Audio Device Class (ADC) specifications. Using a USB on the go (OTG) cable to turn external audiophile DACs into host devices has been a bit of a workaround for a while. Digital data for both audio and function controls are transmitted over the data (D+ and D-) USB pins, although there are a few different specifications that define exactly what information to transmit over those pins.
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